This paper focuses on the spatial morphology evolution of the ancient cities of Quanzhou in the past dynasties based on the factors of land and water changes，in order to provide relevant references for the protection and development of the ancient cities nowadays.This paper firstly comprehends the historical development and urban development of Quanzhou，then analyzes the development and evolution of Quanzhou's urban spatial form from the perspective of land and water changes，and finally concludes that the superior natural geographic conditions of being backed by mountains and facing the sea，as well as the natural factors of land and water changes，are the determining factors for the selection and evolution of Quanzhou's urban sites